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1 πικρών
πίκραantidote: fem gen plπικράζωtaste bitter: fut part act masc voc sgπικράζωtaste bitter: fut part act neut nom /voc /acc sgπικράζωtaste bitter: fut part act masc nom sg (attic epic ionic)πικρόςpointed: fem gen plπικρόςpointed: masc /neut gen plπικρόωmake bitter: pres part act masc voc sg (doric aeolic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres part act neut nom /voc /acc sg (doric aeolic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres part act masc nom sgπικρόωmake bitter: pres inf act (doric) -
2 πικρῶν
πίκραantidote: fem gen plπικράζωtaste bitter: fut part act masc voc sgπικράζωtaste bitter: fut part act neut nom /voc /acc sgπικράζωtaste bitter: fut part act masc nom sg (attic epic ionic)πικρόςpointed: fem gen plπικρόςpointed: masc /neut gen plπικρόωmake bitter: pres part act masc voc sg (doric aeolic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres part act neut nom /voc /acc sg (doric aeolic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres part act masc nom sgπικρόωmake bitter: pres inf act (doric) -
3 πικραίνω
πικραίνω fut. πικρανῶ; aor. ἐπίκρανα LXX. Pass: fut. 3 pl. πικρανθήσονται Jer 40:9; 1 aor. ἐπικράνθην; prim. ‘make sharp’ esp. to the taste (s. three next entries).① to cause to become bitter, make bitter in physical sense (Hippocr. et al.) πικρανεῖ σου τὴν κοιλίαν (κοιλία 1b) Rv 10:9. Pass., of the stomach ἐπικράνθη ἡ κοιλία vs. 10. Of someth. that has been swallowed: (τὰ ὕδατα) ἐπικράνθησαν 8:11 (prob. not in ref. to οἱ ἄνθρωποι, in the sense ‘made bitter’=poisoned?). Of honey when wormwood is mixed w. it Hm 5, 1, 5.② to cause bitter feelings, embitter, make bitter, in affective sense (Pla.+; LXX; ApcrEzk Denis p. 122, 3 [Epiph. 70, 14]) pass., intr. sense become bitter or embittered abs. (Demosth., Ep. 1, 6; Ep. 6 of Apollonius of Tyana: Philostrat. I 346, 19; Is 14:9; Philo, Mos. I, 302) Hm 10, 2, 3. π. πρός τινα be embittered against someone Col 3:19 (πρός τινα as Lynceus in Athen. 6, 242b).—DELG s.v. πικρός. M-M. TW. -
4 πικροίς
πικρόςpointed: masc /neut dat plπικρόωmake bitter: pres opt act 2nd sgπικρόωmake bitter: pres subj act 2nd sgπικρόωmake bitter: pres ind act 2nd sg -
5 πικροῖς
πικρόςpointed: masc /neut dat plπικρόωmake bitter: pres opt act 2nd sgπικρόωmake bitter: pres subj act 2nd sgπικρόωmake bitter: pres ind act 2nd sg -
6 πικροίσι
πικρόςpointed: masc /neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres part act masc /neut dat pl (doric aeolic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres subj act 3rd sg (epic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres ind act 3rd pl (aeolic) -
7 πικροῖσι
πικρόςpointed: masc /neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres part act masc /neut dat pl (doric aeolic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres subj act 3rd sg (epic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres ind act 3rd pl (aeolic) -
8 πικροίσιν
πικρόςpointed: masc /neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres part act masc /neut dat pl (doric aeolic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres subj act 3rd sg (epic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres ind act 3rd pl (aeolic) -
9 πικροῖσιν
πικρόςpointed: masc /neut dat pl (epic ionic aeolic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres part act masc /neut dat pl (doric aeolic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres subj act 3rd sg (epic)πικρόωmake bitter: pres ind act 3rd pl (aeolic) -
10 πικροί
πικρόςpointed: masc nom /voc plπικρόωmake bitter: pres subj mp 2nd sgπικρόωmake bitter: pres ind mp 2nd sgπικρόωmake bitter: pres subj act 3rd sg -
11 πικρός
Grammatical information: adj.Meaning: `sharp, peaky, piercing, bitter, painful' (Il.; on the meaning Treu Von Homer zur Lyrik 78 a. 273).Compounds: Compp., e.g. πικρό-χολος `full of bitter gall' (Hp.), γλυκύ-πικρος `sweet-bitter' (Sapph.; Risch IF 59, 32).Derivatives: 1. Abstract: πικρ-ότης f. `sharpness, bitterness etc.' (IA.), - ία f. `id.' (D., Arist., hell.). 2. plantname: πικρ-άς, - ίς, - ίδιον (Arist., Thphr., Ps.-Dsc.); Strömberg Pfl.namen 63; - άς f. also `sour bottom' (pap. IIIa); - ίδιος as adj. `somewhat bitter' (Ath.). 3. verbs: a. πικρ-αίνομαι, - αίνω, also w. ἐκ-, ἐν-, παρα- a.o., `to become bitter, to embitter; to make bitter' (IA.) with - ασμός ( παρα-πικρός) m. `embitterment' (LXX, Ep. Hebr.), - αντικῶς adv. `in an embittering way' (S.E.); b. πικρ-όομαι, almost only with ἐκ-, `id.' (Hp., Arist., Thphr.) with - ωσις f. (Gal.); back formation ἔκπικρος `very bitter' (Arist.; Strömberg Prefix Studies 73); c. πικρ-άζομαι, - άζω, also w. ἐκ-, `id.' (S. E.). 4. substantivising πίκρα f. name of an antidote (Alex. Trall.). 5. PN Πρίκων m. (Eretria, Tanagra) with metathesis as in NGr. πρικός (Kretschmer Glotta 6, 304; diff. Bechtel KZ 45, 155).Origin: IE [Indo-European] [794] *piḱ-ro- `motley, painted'Etymology: With a Slav. word for `motley', e.g. ORuss. CSlav. pьstrъ formally identical: IE *piḱros, from a verb `sting, cut, embroider, paint' in Sk. piṃśáti (nasalpres.) `carve, cut to measure, ornament', Slav., e.g. OCS pьsati `write'; further cognates s. ποικίλος. -- With πικρός also some Indo-Iran. words have been identified: Pashto p(u)šǝī f. `kind of rhubarb, Rheum emodi' (Morgenstierne Sarūpa-Bhāratī [Hoshiarpur 1954] 1;), Skt. śilpá- `motley' (inverted from *piślá-; Tedesco Lang. 23, 383ff [?]). After Machek Zeitschr. f. Slawistik 1, 36 here also Slav. prikrь `disgusting, sour, sharp'; against this Vasmer Wb. s. príkryj.Page in Frisk: 2,535-536Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πικρός
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12 επιπικρούμενον
ἐπί-πικρόωmake bitter: pres part mp masc acc sgἐπί-πικρόωmake bitter: pres part mp neut nom /voc /acc sg -
13 ἐπιπικρούμενον
ἐπί-πικρόωmake bitter: pres part mp masc acc sgἐπί-πικρόωmake bitter: pres part mp neut nom /voc /acc sg -
14 πικρού
πικρόςpointed: masc /neut gen sgπικρόωmake bitter: pres imperat mp 2nd sgπικρόωmake bitter: imperf ind mp 2nd sg (homeric ionic) -
15 πικροῦ
πικρόςpointed: masc /neut gen sgπικρόωmake bitter: pres imperat mp 2nd sgπικρόωmake bitter: imperf ind mp 2nd sg (homeric ionic) -
16 εκπεπίκρωται
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17 ἐκπεπίκρωται
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18 πικρούται
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19 πικροῦται
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20 πικρώς
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